【Exhibition Topic】Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools will appear at the 54th American International Oil and Gas Exhibition OTCLuoyang Golden Egret Geotools, looking forward to your visit! Exhibition Name: The 54th American International Oil and Gas Exhibition OTC Date: 6th- 9th May Booth No: 4405 Address: NRG Park, 1Fanninst, Houston, TX 77054, USA Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools, waiting for your visit!

【Exhibition Topic】Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools will appear in Italy Milan International Thermal Spray Conference and Exhibition ITSC Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools, looking forward to your visit! Exhibition Name: Italy Milan International Thermal Spray Conference and Exhibition ITSC Date: 29th Apr—1st May Booth No: 311 Address: AllianzMiCo-Milano Convention Centre, Milano Ml, Italy   Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools, waiting for your visit!

1. Scope of construction of petroleum and petrochemical engineering  Almost all petroleum and petrochemical construction projects are large and super-large projects.Professional scope: oil and gas treatment station, pipeline, storage tank, container, device, equipment, steel structure, all kinds of supporting facilities (water supply, power supply, communication, road, fire protection, environmental protection, etc.) and other system engineering.  Industry fields: oil and gas field surface engineering construction (onshore), oil and gas storage and transportation engineering construction (storage, long distance pipeline), offshore oil engineering construction and refining and chemical engineering construction, etc.  Metal materials: mainly low carbon steel and low alloy steel, as well as high-strength steel, heat-resistant steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, heat-resistant alloy, composite metal materials, etc 2. Welding construction characteristics  Welding is one of the most important construction techniques in the construction of petroleum and petrochemical engineering. Large The scale of project investment and the amount of steel, and the amount of welding engineering.  The scale and standardization of engineering construction, and the standardization of welding construction. Diversified  material application, diverse welding process is diverse, and high standard requirements. It is relatively harsh for performance requirements of welding equipment and welding materials in on-site construction outside the room (field and moving operation site 3. Welding market demand characteristics(1) Electrode arc welding is the most commonly used welding method, and the demand for electrode arc welding equipment and electrodes is large. It is widely used in system engineering construction of various oil and gas stations, process pipelines, steel structures, equipment and installation.(2) Argon tungsten arc welding is also commonly used method, mainly for the bottom welding of important pipelines and the welding of non-ferrous metals.(3) submerged arc automatic welding and melting gas protection (self-protection) semi-automatic and automatic welding applications are increasing, and the market prospect is broad. It is mainly used in large-scale storage tank welding, long-distance pipeline welding, on-site welding of refining and chemical equipment and process installation and prefabrication production (modular production and assembly construction), and has occupied a major position.(4) The demand for conventional welding equipment is large, and the market potential of mobile automatic welding equipment adapted to the field is large. The welding power supply used is mainly arc welding generator and arc welding rectifier power supply (silicon rectifier or inverter).(5) Low carbon steel and low alloy steel welding materials are in great demand.(6) The application of special material welding and special welding process methods is increasing, and there is an urgent need for key welding technologies.(END) This article is excerpted from the wechat public number "Welder manual" a short note.

1. Analysis of reasons for roller breakage 1.1 During the stacking of steel in the precision rolling unit, the heat of the rolled piece is transferred to the adjacent roller rings, causing the temperature of the roller rings to rise and the thermal stress to be concentrated. However, during the accident handling process, the surface temperature of the roller rings rapidly decreases, making it easy for the phenomenon of roller breakage to occur. The main reasons for stacking steel inside the unit are as follows: (1) Improper roller matching. The Morgan high-speed wire rod precision rolling unit adopts collective transmission, and the transmission speed ratio of each frame is different. Therefore, it is required that the precision rolling machine not only meets the gear transmission ratio between each frame, but also requires the outer diameter error of the roll ring of the same frame to be controlled within ± 0.05mm when matching rollers. Otherwise, the rolled piece will shake between the two frames, ultimately causing steel stacking between the frames. (2) Poor alignment of the rolling line. There are various guide grooves such as air seals, water tanks, recovery sections, and pinch rolls in the guide rails between each frame in the precision rolling unit, as well as the section from the unit outlet to the wire drawing machine. If the rolled piece is obstructed during high-speed operation, it can lead to the phenomenon of steel stacking. (3) The guide rail of the precision rolling unit is faulty. Insufficient oil and gas lubrication or cooling of the guide bearings in the precision rolling unit can lead to bearing damage, inflexible rotation of the guide rollers, jamming, and cracking, resulting in the phenomenon of steel stacking. (4) Raw material defects. There are defects in the raw material billet. During the rolling process of the precision rolling unit, local defects in the cross-section of the rolled piece cannot withstand normal pressure deformation, resulting in fracture and the formation of steel stacking phenomenon. 1.2 Unreasonable Roll Gap Setting: The roll gaps of each rolling mill should be strictly adjusted according to the roll gap range designed in the rolling program table. If the roll gap adjustment of a certain roll is less than the standard or even close to 0mm, friction will occur between the roll rings or between the roll rings and the inlet and outlet guide of the rolling mill, resulting in a sharp increase in roll ring stress and surface temperature, leading to a roll breakage accident. 1.3 Abnormal impact force on the roller ring (1) The incoming material size of the finishing mill is too large. According to different product specifications, the incoming material size of the finishing mill must be strictly controlled within the standard range. If the material shape size is too large, the impact force borne by the first rolling mill roll ring of the finishing mill is too large, resulting in deformation and increased rolling force, causing the finishing mill unit to experience roller breakage. (2) The installation of the guide is incorrect. The installation of guide rails for each rolling mill requires that the rolled parts can smoothly pass through the guide rails without causing any impact on the roll rings. Otherwise, during each pass of steel, the rolled piece will cause abnormal impact force on the roller ring, ultimately leading to the occurrence of roller breakage accidents. The poor cooling effect of the 1.4 roller ring is closely related to the usage cycle of tungsten carbide roller rings and the surface cooling effect in the actual production process. When the surface cooling of the roller ring is insufficient, the surface temperature abnormally increases, and the wear and crack rate will intensify, greatly reducing the service life of the roller ring. In severe cases, roller crushing accidents may occur. The main reasons for poor cooling effect are as follows: (1) Abnormal cooling water pressure. The water pressure for roller ring cooling is generally required to be controlled between 0.4 and 0.6 MPa. If the water pressure is too high, the cooling water is prone to splashing and cannot take away the surface heat of the roller ring in a timely manner, which affects the cooling effect. If the water pressure is too low, the cooling water cannot break through the vapor layer formed on the surface of the roller ring, affecting cooling or the water flow rate is relatively insufficient, which cannot take away the surface heat of the roller ring in a timely manner, affecting cooling. (2) Abnormal cooling water nozzle or pipeline. In the actual production process, abnormalities in the cooling water nozzle or pipeline often lead to roller ring cooling failure, abnormal surface temperature rise, and ultimately result in roller crushing accidents. The main reasons are as follows: ① The cooling water pipeline is damaged and there is a phenomenon of leakage. The cooling water is heavily diverted before reaching the roller ring, causing the surface of the roller ring to fail to achieve the expected cooling effect, ultimately leading to accidents The cooling nozzle is blocked. Due to the poor quality of the cooling water, some impurities accumulate at the cooling nozzle, causing the cooling water to be unable to spray onto the surface of the roller ring normally, affecting the cooling effect Cooling nozzle offset. Due to low installation technology or displacement of the cooling nozzle during accident handling, the cooling water cannot cool the high-temperature area of the roller ring, resulting in an increase in roller ring temperature and ultimately leading to accidents. 1.5 The installation and disassembly temperature of the roller ring does not meet the requirements. During the installation process, the temperature difference between the installation shaft, cone sleeve, and roller ring should be controlled at around 15 degrees. Otherwise, the temperature difference between the installation shaft, cone sleeve, and roller ring is too large, resulting in significant differences in thermal expansion. Firstly, it leads to abnormal interference force between the roller ring and cone sleeve, and the cone sleeve is prone to automatic detachment; The second reason is that the temperature of the roller ring is relatively low. During the pressing process, the internal stress of the roller ring is concentrated, which is accompanied by an increase in temperature during the production process, leading to increased stress and the formation of roller crushing accidents. This type of problem is particularly prominent in the winter production process, so effective measures such as insulation must be taken to control it. 1.6 The working pressure of roller ring installation is not standard. When the roller ring is installed, its working pressure is lower than the standard requirements, resulting in insufficient interference force between the roller ring and the cone sleeve, causing the cone sleeve to fall off, ultimately leading to roller breakage accidents. On the contrary, if the pressure setting for roller installation is greater than the standard, it will cause abnormal excessive interference force between the roller ring, cone sleeve, and installation shaft, resulting in the inability to remove the forced roller during roller crushing or dismantling. 1.7 There are debris on the surface of the roller ring, cone sleeve, or installation shaft. During the installation process of the roller ring, the oxide scale, floating rust, and other impurities on the surface of the roller ring, cone sleeve, or installation shaft were not thoroughly cleaned, resulting in a decrease in friction between the three, causing the roller ring to slip or fall off, ultimately leading to a roller crushing accident. 1.8 The surface of the cone sleeve and installation shaft is severely worn. After long-term use, the surface of the cone sleeve and installation shaft may experience certain wear. However, when the contact surface between the cone sleeve and the installation shaft is less than 80%, the expected interference force between the cone sleeve and the installation shaft cannot be achieved, making it easy to exit, slip, and other phenomena, ultimately leading to roller breakage accidents. 2. Related improvement measures (1) In the daily production process, strengthen online process supervision in accordance with various standard requirements, and reduce the incidence of accidents in the precision rolling unit. (2) Regularly inspect the control of material shape dimensions to ensure that the head, middle, and tail material shape dimensions of each rolling mill are controlled within the standard range. (3) Check the cooling water system of each roll during each shutdown to ensure that the surface cooling effect of the roll ring meets the standard requirements. (4) Before installation, monitor the temperature of the roller ring and installation shaft to ensure that the temperature difference is controlled within a reasonable range. Especially in winter production, insulation treatment is carried out on the roller ring before going online. (5) Develop a reasonable working pressure for the installation of the precision rolling roller ring, and regularly maintain and upkeep the roller changing trolley to ensure that the installation pressure of each roller ring is controlled within the standard range. (6) During the installation process of the roller ring, the inner surface of the roller ring, the inner and outer surfaces of the cone sleeve, and the surface of the installation shaft must be thoroughly cleaned to ensure that the surface is clean. (7) Regularly inspect the cone sleeve and installation shaft to ensure that the contact surface reaches over 80%. 3. Conclusion: By analyzing the causes of roller ring breakage and taking corresponding control measures, good results have been achieved in the actual production process, effectively reducing the incidence of roller breakage accidents, reducing unplanned downtime, and improving production efficiency.

Abstract: Petroleum drilling tools occupy a considerable cost in petroleum drilling engineering. The working environment of drilling tools in the underground is very harsh, not only subjected to composite alternating stresses such as tension, pressure, and torsion, but also subjected to erosion and corrosion of drilling fluid. After using drilling tools for a period of time, they will produce surface wear, internal cracks, etc., resulting in the scrapping of drilling tools. Therefore, rebuilding and repairing damaged drilling tools and putting them back into use have significant economic and social benefits. This article introduces the remanufacturing and repair technology of drilling tools, including identification of drilling tool damage, classification of levels, reconstruction and repair, and inspection and evaluation. 1、 Damage situation and corresponding treatment of drilling tools The reconstruction and repair technology of drilling tools is aimed at different parts and damage results of drilling tools. Fuzzy support vector machine theory is used to identify drilling tool damage and classify damage levels. Based on the classification results, drilling tools with macroscopic and microscopic damage are reconstructed and repaired, including drilling tool body repair and drilling tool joint repair. Finally, magnetic memory technology is used to detect the reconstructed drilling tools, and they can be re-entered into the well after meeting the requirements. 2、 Repair of drilling tool body The friction between the drilling tool body and the wellbore wall during use can cause wear, thinning, and even puncture. The failure of the drilling tool body generally occurs 500mm below the joint, and only a few occur on the wear-resistant belt of the internal threaded joint in the thickened transition zone at the connection between the joint and the body. Laser cladding repair and reconstruction technology is a surface coating that rapidly heats and melts hard alloy powder or other wear-resistant materials under the action of a laser beam, forming a metallurgical bond with the drilling tool body, thereby improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and oxidation resistance of the drilling tool body. It has the characteristics of high welding accuracy, wide applicability, regular welding surface size, and low stress concentration. It can be used for repairing complex situations such as irregular shape of drilling tool damage, internal depth defects, and uneven pipe wall thickness. It is a highly automated reconstruction and repair technology. Therefore, appropriate repair techniques should be selected based on the different types and degrees of damage to drilling tools to meet the technical and economic requirements of drilling tool repair. 3、 Repair of drilling tool joints Most failed drilling tools are caused by damage to the joint of the drilling tool. The types of joint damage are generally joint deformation, joint end face puncture, thread damage, and stress concentration fracture at the root of the thread. For the above types of drilling tool joint damage, there are several methods for reconstruction and repair:  (1) Manual welding repair: Using tungsten carbide welding rods, a gas shielded arc is generated under the heat of the arc. At the same time, the melted tungsten carbide is covered on the worn surface of the joint, forming a 10mm wide and certain thickness wear-resistant band at the worn part of the joint. The advantage is that it can directly treat the damaged parts of the drilling tool on site.  (2) Armor welding: using special welding pliers, 1000A DC arc welding machine, and cast tungsten carbide welded on the surface of the joint with water glass attached. The advantage is that on-site operation is simple and convenient, but the disadvantage is that it is difficult to operate in low temperature, wind and rain weather conditions, and the arc temperature is high. Careful operation is required to avoid damaging the joint.  (3) Oxygen acetylene overlay welding: Oxygen acetylene flame overlay welding is a multi-purpose overlay welding heat source. During overlay welding, the melting depth is shallow, the melting amount of the drilling tool body is small, the obtained overlay welding layer is thin, the surface is smooth, and the flame temperature is low. After overlay welding, the original properties of the hard alloy in the composite material can be maintained. The advantage is that the flame temperature is low and adjustable, and the repaired tungsten carbide does not melt to maintain wear resistance, with low cost. The disadvantage is high labor intensity and low melting efficiency.  (4) Plasma spray welding: Using a DC arc welding machine with steep drop characteristics as the power source, a high-frequency spark is used to ignite a non transfer type plasma arc between the tungsten electrode of the spray welding gun and the nozzle. The non transfer arc flame is used to ignite the transfer type plasma arc between the tungsten electrode and the drilling tool joint. The alloy powder is continuously supplied by the powder feeder according to the required amount, and is blown into the spray welding gun by the powder feeding airflow, sprayed onto the drilling tool joint, and an alloy cladding layer is obtained on the joint. This process has high surface hardness, firm welding, and good toughness.  (5) Plasma arc welding: Welding is achieved by using a compressed arc between electrodes and joints. The electrodes used are usually tungsten electrodes. Plasma arc welding has a high energy density, strong penetration ability, and can weld wear-resistant hard alloys to the surface of drilling tool joints. The advantages are good wear resistance, high welding strength, and the ability to perform large-scale processing. The disadvantages are high cost of hard alloy materials, difficult on-site operation of required equipment, and certain temperature requirements for equipment.  (6) CNC cutting machining: When using cutting machining to repair the threads of drilling tools, due to the general length of drilling tools being around 9m, installation and alignment are inconvenient, manual cutting and accuracy control are not easy. Therefore, in the repair of drilling tool threads, a CNC lathe is used and a photoelectric decoder is installed on the lathe spindle to ensure that it can cut along the original thread groove. 4、 Magnetic Memory Testing of Drilling Tools Metal magnetic memory testing technology is a fast non-destructive testing method that uses the metal magnetic memory effect to detect stress concentration areas in components. It can diagnose the stress concentration areas inside ferromagnetic metal components, such as micro defects and early failure, damage, etc. It is a new testing method in the field of non-destructive testing. When ferromagnetic components in the geomagnetic field environment are subjected to external loads, magnetic poles are generated in the stress concentration area, forming a demagnetization field, which minimizes the permeability of the ferromagnetic metal and forms a leakage magnetic field on the metal surface. The circumferential component of the leakage magnetic field strength has the maximum value, while the axial component changes sign and has a zero value. This irreversible change in magnetic state can still remember the location of stress concentration even after the working load is eliminated. A detection instrument based on the basic principle of metal magnetic memory effect can evaluate the degree of stress concentration and the presence of microscopic defects in drilling tool joints by recording the distribution of magnetic field intensity components perpendicular to the surface of the joint in a certain direction. By using the metal magnetic memory method to detect the repaired drilling tool body and joints, the magnetic field strength curve and gradient curve are obtained, and they are analyzed with the magnetic memory signals before and after repair, calibration drilling tools, and repair. The stress concentration changes of the reconstructed and repaired drilling tools are compared. Some magnetic memory detection indicators even exceed the detection indicators of the calibration drilling tools, which can accurately determine whether the repaired drilling tool body and joints meet on-site requirements. Therefore, magnetic memory detection technology can be used for the quality appraisal of finished drilling tools with good results. 5、 Conclusion (1) The technology of drilling tool reconstruction and repair utilizes damage identification, classification, reconstruction and repair, as well as magnetic memory detection technology to safely reuse drilling tools, improve their utilization rate, and reduce drilling costs; (2) By using fuzzy support vector machine to classify the feature values of the detection samples, the state to which they belong can be obtained. When identifying and classifying the damage degree of drilling tools, it is then determined whether they need to be remanufactured based on their state; (3) Based on the actual damage location and degree of drilling tools, combined with the actual situation of drilling tool damage, an economical and efficient drilling tool remanufacturing process is selected; (4) By using metal magnetic memory detection technology to analyze the magnetic memory signal of the repaired drilling tool and detect the magnetic field distribution on the surface of the material, it can be found whether the reconstructed and repaired drilling tool meets the requirements for re entering the well. (END) This article is excerpted from the Chinese version of Li Tianren's Latest Drilling Tool Reconstruction and Repair Technology

1. nickel-based alloy classification and grade (seven categories) : ◆ Industrial pure nickel (P41) : containing 99.5% nickel. Such as Ni200, Ni201. ◆Ni-Cu alloy (P42) : Such as: Monel 400 (Monel, Ni66Cu32) etc. ◆Ni-Cr alloy (P43) : Such as: 0Cr30Ni70 Corronel230 (Coro Nickel, Cr35Ni65) Inconel671 (Inconel, Cr50Ni50) ◆Ni-Cr-Fe alloy (P43) : Such as: Inconel600 (Inconel, Cr76Ni15Fe8) Inconel625 (Cr61Ni21Mo9Fe3) ◆Ni-Mo alloy (P44) : E.g. Hastelloy A (Hastelloy A, Ni60Mo19Fe20) Hastelloy B (0Ni65Cr28Fe5V) Hastelloy B-2 (00Ni70Mo28) ◆Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (P44) : Such as: Hastelloy C (Ni60Cr16Mo16W4) Hastelloy C-276 (000Ni60Cr16Mo16W4) Hastelloy C-4 (000Ni60Cr16Mo16Ti). ◆Ni-Fe-Cr alloy (P45) : E.g. Incoloy 800 (Inconroy, Ni32Fe46Cr21) Incoloy 825 (Ni42Fe30Cr21) 2. nickel-based alloy welding characteristics: Nickel-based alloy welding has similar problems with austenitic stainless steel welding: (1) Welding hot crack (2) Porosity: Compared with low carbon steel and low alloy steel, porosity tends to be larger, especially for unclean bevelings and welding wires. (3) Corrosion resistance: most nickel-based corrosion resistant alloys do not have much impact on corrosion resistance after welding. But for Ni-Cr, Ni-Mo, Ni-Cr-Mo series of some alloys near the heat affected zone will occur chromium deficiency phenomenon, resulting in some medium in the intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion performance decline. (4) Process characteristics: the fluidity of liquid weld metal is poor; Weld metal melting depth. 3. welding process points: (1) Correct selection of welding materials (2) Connector type: the joint type with large groove Angle and small pure edge (3) Cleaning near the groove and welding wire: the characteristics are important to prevent hot cracks and pores. (4) Preheating before welding: generally do not need to preheat before welding, the interlayer temperature should be controlled below 100 ℃. However, when the temperature of the base material is lower than 15 ° C, it should be heated to 15-20 ° C to avoid condensation of moisture. (5) Welding process: ◇ Limit the heat input, use small line amount and maintain the stability of arc voltage, and use the operation method of short arc without swing or small swing. ◇ For the small diameter pipe welding process should take forced cooling measures to reduce the high temperature residence time of the weld, increase the cooling speed of the weld. ◇ Timely cleaning of slag and splash on the weld surface after welding to prevent impurities such as S in the slag from causing embrittlement of the weld or decreasing anti-corrosion performance. (6) Post-welding heat treatment: generally not recommended post-welding heat treatment. But sometimes in order to ensure that no intergranular corrosion or stress corrosion occurs in use, heat treatment is required. 4. Classification and model of welding rod: ★GB/T13814-92 "Nickel and nickel alloy electrode" standard equivalent to the United States ANSI/AWS A5.11-89 "Nickel and nickel alloy coated electrode regulations" : (five types) ◆ Industrial pure nickel electrode: ENi-0, ENi-1 ◆Ni-Cu electrode: ENiCu-7 Ni-Cr-Fe electrode: ENiCrFe-0 to ENiCrFe-4 Ni-Mo welding rod: ENiMo-1, ENiMo-3, ENiMo-7 ◆Ni-Cr-Mo electrode: EnICRMI-0 to EnICRMI-9 ★ Coating type: Titanium-calcium type (03), alkaline (15, 16) 5. welding wire classification and model: ★ According to GB/T15620-1995 "Nickel and nickel alloy welding wire" : ◆ Industrial pure nickel wire: Ni-Cu welding wire: ERNiCu-7 ◆Ni-Cr welding wire: ERNiCr-3 Ni-Cr-Fe welding wire: ERNiCrFe-5, ERNiCrFe-6 Ni-Fe-Cr welding wire: ERNiFeCr-1, ERNiFeCr-2 Ni-Mo welding wire: ErnifECR-1, ERNiMo-2, ERNiMo-3, ERNiMo-7 ◆Ni-Cr-Mo welding wire: ErnicrMIo-1 to ErnicRMIO-4, ErnicRMIO-7 to ErnicRMIO-9 6. nickel-based alloy welding material selection principle: (1) Welding material selection of the same nickel material: ◇ Should be selected and base metal alloy series of the same welding material ◇ If there is no corrosion resistance requirement, the welding material different from the base metal alloy system can be selected, but the joint should be guaranteed to have the performance required by the design. ■ Examples: Monel 400: electrode ENiCu-7; Welding wire ERNiCu-7 Inconel600: Welding rod ENiCrFe-1; Welding wire ERNiCrFe-5 Incoloy 800H: Electrode ENiCrFe-2; Welding wire ERNiCr-3 Hastelloy C-276: Electrode ENiCrMo-4; Welding wire ernicrmio-4 (2) The welding between dissimilar nickel materials and nickel materials and austenitic stainless steel should consider the following factors: (7) ◇ The strength of the weld (including high temperature lasting strength), corrosion resistance to meet the design; (END) The article is excerpted from Chinese Version (Selection of Nickel based Alloy Welding Materials) by Tang Feng

TUNGSTEN CARBIDE ROLLER USED IN REBAR ROD ROLLING PRODUCTS INTRODUCE NAME WC ROLLER GRADE GR60A SIZE Φ210×Φ135×72 OD 210±0.02 ID 135+0.025 H 72-0.05 PROPERTY COMPOSITIONS Density g/cm-3 Hardness HRA Bending strength MPa Advantage WC WC 70 30 12.50~12.80 ≥78.0 ≥2300 1.excellent strength, wear resistance and thermal fatigue resistance; 2.suitable for rod and rebar steel, Composite roller ring. CASE MILL CONDITION ROD REBAR REBAR SIZE Φ12mm Mill roller equipment SMS(finishing mill 4stands) Total stands 21stands Temperature 1060℃ Speed 32m/s Water pressure 0.4-0.6Mpa Output amount 2000T Grinding amount 2.5mm Offline roller condition Normal abrasion

In this beautiful late fall with nearly 200 enterprises and institutions, scientific research colleges and universities from the country nearly 400 scholars, experts, thermal spray colleagues gathered in the sacred and beautiful historical and cultural city of Luoyang, to celebrate the thermal spraying event. October 31-November 2, 2023, organized by THERMAL SPRAYING DIVISION OF CHINA SURFACE ASSOCIATION, hosted by LUOYANG GOLDEN EGRET GEOTOOLS CO.,LTD. and supported by NEW MATERIALS AND ADVANCED PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY FOR NONFERROUS METALS PROVINCIAL DEPARTMENT A COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION CENTER, LUOYANG LANGLI SURFACE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD., LUOYANG TUOTU INDUSTRY & TRADE CO.,LTD. and other supporting units co-organized the 26th International Thermal Spraying Seminar (ITSS′2023) and the 27th China National Thermal Spray Conference (CNTSC′2023) in Luoyang Huayang Plaza International Hotel was successfully convened.The number of domestic and foreign delegates attending the seminar and annual meeting reached a new high in the past years, and the number of people cataloged in the address book was as high as 342. SHANGHAI INSTITUTE OF CERAMICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, OERLIKON METCO SURFACE TECHNOLOGY (SHANGHAI) CO.,LTD., LINDE HIGH-TECH MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY CO.LTD., Höganäs AB, LUOYANG GOLDEN EGRET GEOTOOLS CO.,LTD., TECNA CANADA, XI'AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, HENAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, BAOWU INSTITUTE OF CERAMICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, ZHENGZHOU LIJIA THERMAL SPRAYING MACHINERY CO.,LTD., SURFACE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD., FACULTY OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NINGBO HAITIAN LASER MACHINERY MANUFACTURING CO.,LTD., FACULTY OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NINGBO HAITIAN LASER MACHINERY MANUFACTURING CO.,LTD, INSTITUTE OF METAL RESEARCH, SHENYANG UNIVERSITY, BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GTV CHINA, and other well-known domestic and foreign companies and scientific research institutions, experts and scholars, a total of more than 20 exciting thematic reports, some of the authors of the thesis paper reading, sharing and exchanging of domestic and foreign advanced thermal spraying technology, equipment, materials in a variety of industries, research, development, application and development trends, to explore the domestic and foreign thermal spraying community, and to discuss the development of the thermal spraying industry, the development of the thermal spraying industry. It will share and exchange the research, development, application and development trend of advanced thermal spraying technology, equipment and materials in many industries at home and abroad, discuss the cooperation of domestic and foreign thermal spraying industry in terms of technology and application, explore the application field, create trade opportunities, and promote the thermal spraying industry to face the domestic and foreign markets. At the same time, the Secretariat of China Thermal Spray Association will edit 20 papers into the Proceedings (electronic version) for publication and distribution. The report is wonderful and rich in content, with high technical level and content, strong specialization and application. Argumentations are scientific and productive, they has been recognized and praised by delegates. During the meeting, LUOYANG GOLDEN EGRET GEOTOOLS CO.,LTD. prepared tea breaks for the delegates, and set up a sumptuous dinner to entertain delegates on night of November 1st. The host also organized a plant tour to visit LUOYANG GOLDEN EGRET GEOTOOLS CO., LTD., more than 270 participants attended this visiting. Delegates and the Council have expressed that the meeting was efficient, organized, successful and fruitful. (Excerpt from: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/X5TQwXaEgafQ22IjhHtR8g )

This year's Double Eleven is a bit cold, but the steel industry is hot. With the upcoming meeting between China and the US dollar, as well as the continuous stimulation of favorable policies, the steel industry seems to be in a frenzy in the near future. On the night of November 14th, the threaded steel reached a high of 3962 yuan/ton, and the industry cheered and cheered on the social media. However, industry insiders remind that steel prices are constantly rising, but the steel market is facing a dilemma of having prices but not a market, with demand still insufficient and shipments still very bleak. The current industry is in a frenzy, and the only factors affecting steel prices are political factors. Moreover, steel prices have been continuously rising, but they are like mirages and castles in the air, wary of the risk of decline. Since late October, the black sector has sounded the "clarion call" of price counterattack in the off-season under the stimulus of multiple macro positive expectations, such as the statement of the central finance announcing the issuance of an additional 1 trillion yuan of special treasury bond. Recently, the prices of black bulk products such as coal, coke, and steel have increased significantly. The prices of coking coal, iron ore, raw fuels, and threaded and hot-rolled steel have all exceeded the peak prices of the 1990s season. The spot prices of coke have also broken expectations for multiple rounds of price hikes and rapidly increased. From October 24th to the 11th of this month, the main contract prices of coking coal futures increased by more than 20%, and the main contract prices of coke and iron ore futures also increased by more than 15%. According to data from Business News Agency, the iron ore (Australia) index reached 121.82 on November 11th, and the spot price on Friday was at 991.78 yuan/ton, approaching the 1000 yuan mark. Industry practitioners and analysts believe that the increase in steel raw fuel prices this time is mainly due to two major factors: macro level and industry operating conditions, and the production situation in the production area also has a certain impact. Industry insiders said that the recent macro policies of real estate and the issuance of trillions of treasury bond have boosted the demand for steel, including Shenzhen's support for Vanke, which has also given confidence to the real estate market. Since the coal coke steel industry chain is closely related to real estate, most of the industry is optimistic about the market situation during this period. Li Guangbo, Chief Analyst of China Steel Network Information Research Institute, believes that this round of steel price increase is driven by both macro expectations and the strong increase in low inventory raw materials caused by steel mills not actively reducing production. At the same time, the contradiction in the inventory structure of the five major materials is not prominent. At present, the market price has risen by about 300 yuan/ton from a low level, mainly due to the impact of rising costs. Although the steel market is under structured inventory pressure, funds are more willing to buy long raw materials due to the resilience of steel production and low initial raw material inventory, which has a higher profit and loss ratio. Iron ore prices have finally broken through the previous high this time, and the expected "iron making" meeting has not arrived as scheduled. Goldman Sachs stated over the weekend that due to low inventory and declining production, the iron ore market is expected to experience shortages for the rest of this year, with global iron ore supply reduced from 1.557 billion tons to 1.536 billion tons in 2023. Goldman Sachs expects that the iron ore market will not experience oversupply this year, but rather a shortage of supply. Li Guangbo believes that as an important steel raw material, the increase in iron ore far exceeds that of threaded steel and hot coil, directly due to the relatively low inventory of iron ore at present and the high level of molten iron. However, the underlying reason is not so, there may be some "mysterious" force behind the unexpected rise in iron ore. From the trend of the Singapore Iron Ore Swap Index, the traces of artificial manipulation are very obvious. Due to the low trading volume of the index for a long time, the amount of funds required to manipulate the index does not need to be too much, but it can indirectly drive the rise and fall of Dalian iron ore prices. Supported by multiple positive factors such as market expectations and concerns, steel prices have gradually rebounded and steel companies' profits have gradually recovered. The price of the main contract RB2401 for rebar futures has increased from 3558 yuan/ton to 3908 yuan/ton, an increase of approximately 350 yuan/ton, or nearly 10%. The rebound in futures prices has also driven up spot prices, with Baosteel's latest domestic plate sales price for December 2023 generally increasing by 50-100 yuan/ton compared to November. The price of profiles in Tangshan has risen to around 3930 yuan/ton, with an increase of nearly 230 yuan/ton in this round. Due to climate reasons, the rise in steel prices has weak stimulation for terminal consumption in the northern region. Staff from steel sales enterprises in Hebei, Shandong, and other regions have stated that the market is currently entering a low season, with weak downstream demand. After the price increase, the market still shows sluggish transactions. Several industry chain insiders in Hebei and Shanxi have stated that the low inventory strategy of steel companies in the early stage was the main factor for them to maintain profitability during the downward cycle of the market. However, currently, steel companies are still struggling to maintain profitability. The manager of a steel trading company in the Tangshan region said, "There may still be room for growth in steel prices." He believes that due to the lower expectations of the Federal Reserve's interest rate hike or the gradual shift towards easing, and domestic macroeconomic policies exceeding expectations, the geopolitical conflicts in multiple regions around the world have intensified, leading to increased inflationary pressure on related commodities, which may gradually stabilize and rise. Some industry insiders are also concerned that the steel price has now reached a high level and there is too much risk in the later stage. The main reason for the current increase is driven by raw materials, especially the speculation of iron ore, and the strong nature of financial speculation has left the scope of supply and demand. At present, there is a monopolistic nature of short selling, similar to the Qingshan Nickel short selling and the Crude Oil Treasure incident. There are many short orders on iron ore futures, and if there are multiple orders, they will have to go up and harvest. If they do not achieve their goals, they will not stop. He suggested focusing on avoiding risks and lowering the inventory while taking advantage of high levels. Because no one knows when it suddenly falls, and when it falls, it is usually very fast and urgent, just like using a bow to shoot arrows, rising slowly like pulling a bow, and falling like shooting arrows. If the steel price is to rise to 4000 yuan/ton, there will need to be macro and peripheral positive factors, and we have not yet seen factors that can support it. Therefore, there is too much risk in the later stage, and it is recommended to avoid risks as a whole. A certain society believes that in the future, it will be decided whether there will be a large-scale increase in steel prices. Firstly, the macro China US interest rate difference will be repaired, and secondly, the weak recovery of Chinese real estate in the industry will be represented by these two driving factors The trend of the global economy and the expansion of total demand. If China takes the lead in restoring its economy, it will first start replenishing its inventory, and then the United States and Europe will fulfill the recession before continuing to replenish its inventory. This way, commodities can reproduce the strong bull market after 2020! But if the big driver of the rise does not come and instead awaits the Great Recession in the United States in advance, then commodities will reproduce the bear market pattern after 2013. Although the absolute price level will not replicate the past low points, the steel mills will have even more difficult times at that time.

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